Polyhedral preduals of \(\ell_{1}\) and their representing matrices (Q1791556)

To start with, recall that in [\textit{V. P. Fonf} and \textit{L. Veselý}, Can. J. Math. 56, No. 3, 472--494 (2004; Zbl 1068.46007)] eight successively stronger versions of polyhedrality were listed. These are denoted by (I), (II), \(\dots\), (VII) and (K), where (I) is strongest and (K) is the classical definition of polyhedrality in terms of polytopes. Recall further that for \(L_1\)-preduals it is known from \textit{A. Gleit} and \textit{R. McGuigan} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 33, 398--404 (1972; Zbl 0244.46019)] that (K) already implies (IV). The first three results of the present paper provide us with equivalent formulations of (I), (II) and (III) for separable \(L_1\)-preduals. The characterizations all go via a certain function \(\lambda_\sigma(A)\), where \(A\) is a representing matrix of the separable \(L_1\)-predual. (III) says just that \(\lambda_\sigma(A)<1\) for all \(\sigma\), (II) says that there exists \(r\leq 1\) so that \(\lambda_\sigma(A)\leq r\) for all \(\sigma\), while (I) says that \(\lambda_\sigma(A)=0\) for all \(\sigma\). The last result is a completion of a recent result due to \textit{S. Dutta} et al. [Extr. Math. 33, No. 1, 33--50 (2018; Zbl 1414.46012)], which tells us that, in an \(L_1\)-predual space \(X\) with diagram \(\mathcal{D}\), every directed sub-diagram \(\mathcal{S}\) results in \(X_{\mathcal{S}}\) being an \(M\)-ideal in \(X\). The completion of this result is that, in a polyhedral \(L_1\)-predual, \(M\)-ideals are more or less all of this type.