Inverse numerical range and determinantal representation (Q1791689)

Let \(A\) be an \(n\times n\) complex matrix and \(A = \mathfrak{R}(A) + \mathfrak{I}(A)\) be its Cartesian decomposition, where \(\mathfrak{R}(A) = \frac{A + A^{*}}{2}\) and \(\mathfrak{I}(A)= \frac{A - A^{*}}{2i}\). The numerical range of \(A\) is defined as \[ W(A) = \{ \xi^{*}A\xi : \xi \in \mathbb{C}^{n} \text{ and } \xi^{*} \xi = 1\}. \] The Toeplitz-Hausdorff theorem asserts that the numerical range \(W(A)\) is a convex set in the Gaussian plane \(\mathbb{C}\). Given a point \(z \in W(A)\), the inverse numerical range problem is to find a unit vector \(\xi\) so that \(z = \xi^{*}A \xi\). This problem was solved in the case of a generic \(2 \times 2\) matrix. The main result of this paper answers this question for the boundary points and points on the boundary generating curve of \(W(A)\) when the matrix \(A\) is a \(3 \times 3\) canonical symmetric matrix for which \(\mathfrak{I}(A)\) is a diagonal matrix with distinct eigenvalues.