Divisibility conditions on signatures of fixed point sets (Q1802973)

For the cyclic group \(G\) of order \(p\) \((p\) an odd prime), the author studies the divisibility conditions on the characteristic numbers of a closed connected 4-dimensional smooth manifold \(M\) which occurs at the \(G\)-fixed point set of a smooth \(G\)-action on a closed oriented \(2n\)- dimensional manifold \(X\). The paper contains two results on the divisibility of the signature \(\text{Sign }M\) of \(M\). The first result asserts that if \(H^ n(X,\mathbb{Q})=0\), then \(4|\text{Sign }M\) when \(p>3\), and \(16|\text{Sign }M\) when \(p=3\). The second result asserts that if \(X\) is a Spin-manifold such that the first Pontryagin class vanishes, \(H^ 1(X,\mathbb{Z})=0\), and the \(G\)-action is regular, then \(4p^{[n/(p-1)]}|\text{Sign }M\). The results are obtained by using the Atiyah-Singer \(G\)-signature formula and the index theorem for the Dirac operator. The second result extends a similar one obtained by \textit{K. Kawakubo} [Amer. J. Math. 97, 182-204 (1975; Zbl 0334.57027)] by making use of \(G\)-bordism theory under the assumption that \(p-1>n\).