On Lambek torsion theories (Q1802981)

Let \(R\) be a ring with identity, and let \(\varepsilon_ X: X\to X^{**}\) be the canonical evaluation map from \(X\) to its double dual. Recall that the Lambek torsion theory \(\tau\) is defined via \(\text{Hom}_ R(\tau(X),E(R)) = 0\) and \(E(R)\) cogenerates \(X/\tau(X)\). The following statements are equivalent: (1) \(\tau(X) = \text{ker }\varepsilon_ X\) for every finitely presented \(X \in R\)-mod; (2) \(\tau(M) = \text{ker }\varepsilon_ M\) for every finitely presented \(M\in \text{mod-}R\); (3) \(f^{**}\) is monic for each \(f: X\to Y\) with \(_ RX\) finitely generated and \(_ RY\) finitely presented; (4) \(g^{**}\) is monic for each \(g: M\to N\) with \(M_ R\) finitely generated and \(N_ R\) finitely presented. If \(R\) is right coherent, then the following statements are equivalent: (1) \(E(_ RR)\) is flat; (2) there is a faithful, injective, flat left \(R\)-module; (3) \(\tau(X)=\text{ker }\varepsilon_ X\) for every finitely presented \(X\in R\)-mod. If \(R\) is right noetherian, then \(E(_ RR)\) is flat if and only if every finitely generated submodule of \(E(R_ R)\) is torsionless. If \(R\) is left and right coherent, then the following statements are equivalent: (1) weak \(\dim E(_ RR) \leq 1\); (2) \(\varepsilon_ X\) is an essential monomorphism for every torsionless \(X\in R\)-mod; (3) \(\text{Ext}^ 1_ R(-,R)^*\) vanishes on \(R\)-mod. The vanishing of \(\text{Ext}^ 1_ R(- ,R)^*\) on \(R\)-mod is not symmetrical. The author also notes that S. Takashima has been able to weaken the overall hypotheses in the second and third results stated in this review.