Models of arithmetic in \(A\)-isols (Q1803012)

Nerode showed that each countable Diophantine correct nonstandard model of arithmetic \({\mathcal N}=\langle N;+,\cdot\rangle\) is embedded in a set of isols. Continuing the process of transferring concepts from isols to arithmetic isols (\(A\)-isols), taken by \textit{A. Nerode} [Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 5, 105-116 (1962; Zbl 0178.319)], let us introduce new concepts from the theory of isols and regressive isols and show that in the set of \(A\)-isols one can distinguish subsets, the extension on which of the set \({\mathcal A}\) of all arithmetic functions and the set \({\mathcal R}({\mathcal A})\) of all arithmetic relations has the same elementary theory as the arithmetic \({\mathcal N}_ A=\langle N;{\mathcal A},{\mathcal R}({\mathcal A})\rangle\).