Generalizations of purity (Q1803019)

Let \(P\) be a property of groups (not necessarily abelian) (e.g. \(P(F)\) means that \(F\) is a finite group, a \(p\)-primary group, a subgroup of \(A_ n\), \(n\geq 5\), etc.). A monomorphism \(\varepsilon: G\to H\) is said to be \(P\)-pure, if it is injective with respect to any group possessing the property \(P\). As usual, \(\text{Opext}(\Pi,A,\varphi)\) denotes the group of all congruence classes of extensions of the abelian group \(A\) by \(\Pi\) with operators \(\varphi\) under the Baer addition. The second paragraph investigates the properties of \(P\)-purity and the groups \(\text{POpext}(\Pi,A,\varphi)\), \(\text{PExt}(C,A)\) (defined by the corresponding \(P\)-pure extensions). The third part is devoted to \(P\)- algebraically compact groups, i.e. groups which are retracts in all groups containing them as \(P\)-pure subgroups. These groups are characterized as retracts of pro-\(P\)-groups (groups \(G\) that are naturally isomorphic to the inverse limit \(\lim G/G_ i\), where \(\{G_ i\mid\in I\}\) is a directed system of normal subgroups such that \(G/G_ i\) has the property \(P\) for each \(i\in I\)).