Endomorphisms and global dimension (Q1804735)

It is well known that (i) a ring \(R\) is semisimple if and only if every submodule of an injective left (right) \(R\)-module is injective if and only if every factor module of a projective left (right) \(R\)-module is projective, (ii) a ring \(R\) is left hereditary if and only if every submodule of a projective left \(R\)-module is projective if and only if every factor module of an injective left \(R\)-module is injective. In this paper, the authors generalize both (i) and (ii) in terms of endomorphisms of injective and projective modules. They also get a similar characterization of rings of left global dimension at most two. They further generalize all three results for general \(n\).