Exponential estimates for the Calderón-Zygmund operator and related problems of Fourier series. (Q1810085)

We define the conjugate function and the maximal conjugate function for \(f \in L(T)\) as follows. \[ \tilde{f}(x) = \lim_{\varepsilon \to 0} \frac{1}{\pi} \int_{| x-y | > \varepsilon} f(y)\cot \left( \frac{y-x}{2}\right )dy, \] \[ \tilde{f}_{*}(x) = \sup_{\varepsilon > 0} \frac{1}{\pi} \left| \int_{| x-y | > \varepsilon} f(y)\cot \left(\frac{y-x}{2} \right) dy \right|. \] The classical Zygmund theorem [\textit{A. Zygmund}, Fundam. Math. 49, 284--303 (1929; JFM 55.0751.02)] asserts that for any function \(f \in L^{\infty}(T)\), \[ \int_{T}\exp \left( c_1 \frac{| \tilde{f}(x) |}{ \| f \|_{\infty}} \right) dx \leq c_2. \] \textit{R. A. Hunt} [Studia Math. 44, No. 4, 371--377 (1972; Zbl 0237.42005)] established a more general inequality, namely, for any function \(f \in L^{1}(T)\), \[ | \{ x \in T ; | \tilde{f}(x) | > \lambda, Mf(x) < s \} | \leq c_1 \exp \left( -c_2 \frac{\lambda}{s}\right), \] where \(M\) is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. The author proves the following inequalities. If \(f \in L(T)\), then \[ \int_{T}\exp \left( c_1 \frac{\tilde{f}_{*}(x)}{ Mf(x)} \right) dx \leq c_2. \] For any function \(f \in L(T)\) with supp \(f \subset B\), \[ \left|\left\{ x \in T ; \frac{\tilde{f}_{*}(x)}{Mf(x)} > \lambda \right\}\right| \leq c_1 | B | \exp (-c_2 \lambda), \] for any \(\lambda > c_3\). The author obtains these results as a corollary of a more general result about the Calderón-Zygmund operators on \(R^n\). \[ \left|\left\{ x \in R^n ; \frac{T_{*}f(x)}{Mf(x)} > \lambda, T_{*}f(x)>s \right\}\right| \leq \frac{ c_1 \| f \|_{L^1} }{s } \exp (-c_2 \lambda), \] for any \(\lambda > c_3\), where \(T\) is a Calderón-Zygmund operator and \(T_{*}\) is the maximal Calderón-Zygmund operator.