Positive values of polynomials (Q1810212)

Suppose \(k\geq 2\) and \(n>2k\) are integers and \(f(x)=\operatorname{Re} \sum_{j=k}^{n-k} a_je^{ijx}\), \(a_j\in{\mathbb C}\), is a real trigonometric polynomial. Set \(P=\{x\in\mathbb R: f(x)\geq 0\}\). The author proves that the sets \(P+2\pi j/n\), \(j=0,1,\ldots,n-1,\) cover the real line with multiplicity \(k\), that is every point \(x\in\mathbb R\) belongs to at least \(k\) of these sets. An immediate corollary is that the measure of the set \(\{x\in[0,2\pi]: f(x)\geq 0\}\) is at least \(2\pi k/n\). An example is presented showing that this estimate is sharp. For \(k=1\) this result was obtained earlier by \textit{A. Babenko} [Math. Notes 35, 181--186 (1984); translation Mat. Zametki 35, No.~3, 349--356 (1984; Zbl 0538.41043)]. Let \(f(z)=a_pz^p+\cdots +a_qz^p\), \(1\leq p\leq q\), be a polynomial with complex coefficients, and set \(S_\delta=\{z\in\mathbb C\bigm||\arg z|\leq\delta\}\), \(0<\delta\leq\pi\). The author asks what part of the unit circle must the polynomial \(f\) map into \(S_\delta\). For \(\delta=\pi/2\) the above result implies that the measure of the set \(\{z: |z|=1, \operatorname{Re} f(e^{ix})\geq 0\}\) is at least \(2\pi p/(p+q)\), while for other values of \(\delta\) the question is open.