Note on Heinz's inequality (Q1812545)

``The operator monotone functions were completely characterized by K. Löwner. But the proof is by no means short or elementary. For instance, it is not at all obvious that \(f(t)=t^{1/2}\) is operator monotone. And in fact it was discovered by E. Heinz in 1951 that \(f(t)=t^ \nu\) is operator monotone for \(\nu\in[0,1]\). In the following year T. Kato gave a shorter proof of another inequality of Heinz. In this note, it is proved that Löwner's special case, Heinz's inequality, the Heinz-Kato type inequality and the recent result of N. N. Chan and M. K. Kwong are all equivalent. We use capital letters \(A,B,\dots\) to denote the bounded linear operators on the Hilbert space \({\mathcal H}\). Theorem: The following results are equivalent: (i) (Löwner) If \(A\geq B\geq 0\), then \(A^{1/2}\geq B^{1/2}\). (ii) (Chan and Kwong) If \(A\geq B\geq 0\), \(C\geq D\geq 0\), \(AC=CA\) and \(BD=DB\), then \(A^{1/2}C^{1/2}=B^{1/2}D^{1/2}\). (iii) (Heinz) If \(A\geq B\geq 0\), then \(A^ \nu\geq B^ \nu\) for all \(\nu\in[0,1]\). (iv) (Heinz and Kato) If \(A\geq 0\), \(B\geq 0\), \(\| Qx\|\leq\| Ax\|\), \(\| Q^* y\|\leq\| By\|\) for all \(x,y\in{\mathcal H}\), then \(|\langle Qx,y\rangle|\leq\| A^ \nu x\|\| B^{1- \nu} y\|\) for all \(\nu\in[0,1]\).'' (From the text).