Integrability of Hamiltonian systems and Birkhoff normal forms in the simple resonance cases (Q1813035)

This paper is concerned with Birkhoff normal forms for analytic Hamiltonian systems near an equilibrium point. The convergence of Birkhoff normalization transformation is related to integrability of the system near the equilibrium point. In fact, it is well known that if there exists a convergent Birkhoff transformation near a non-resonant equilibrium point of \(n\) degrees of freedom system, then there exist \(n\) analytic first integrals which are functionally independent and in involution (i.e., the system is completely integrable). This remains true also for cases where the equilibrium point is of simple resonance. Here the simple resonance means that the resonance occurs between only two of the characteristic frequencies. In particular, any resonant equilibrium point of two degrees of freedom systems is necessarily of simple resonance. This paper deals with the simple resonance case and proves that the converse assertion of the above statement holds true, i.e., there exists a convergent Birkhoff transformation if the system is completely integrable near an equilibrium point of simple resonance. The proof is based on the method developed in the author's previous publication [Comment. Math. Helv. 64, No. 3, 412-461 (1989; Zbl 0686.58021)] in which the same assertion was proved for the case where the equilibrium point is non-resonant.