Groups in which all subgroups have a fan of prescribed form (Q1814612)

Let \(H\) be a subgroup of a group \(G\). A system \({\mathcal L}=\{H_ i,N_ G(H_ i)\}_{i\in I}\), where every \(H_ i\) is a subgroup of \(G\) containing \(H\), is called a fan for \(H\) if for each subgroup \(K\) of \(G\) containing \(H\) there exists a unique index \(i\) in \(I\) such that \(H_ i\leq K\leq N_ G(H_ i)\). If \({\mathcal L}=\{H_ i,N_ G(H_ i)\}_{i\in I}\) is a fan for \(H\), the system \(\{H_ i\}_{i\in I}\) is called the basis of \({\mathcal L}\). A subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) is said to be a fan subgroup if it admits a fan. If \(N\) is a normal subgroup of a group \(G\), it is clear that \(\{N\}\) is the basis of a fan for \(N\), so that in particular every normal subgroup is a fan subgroup. In this paper the authors consider groups in which all subgroups are fan. In particular, they investigate the structure of groups \(G\) containing a subgroup \(M(G)\) such that for every non-normal subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) the set \(\{H,M(G)\}\) is the basis of a fan for \(H\). If \(M(G)=G\), the groups considered are precisely those in which all proper subgroups are Dedekind groups, and they are completely characterized, provided that they are locally graduated (a group \(G\) is called locally graduated if every finitely generated non- trivial subgroup of \(G\) contains a proper subgroup of finite index). In the second part of the paper the authors consider the case in which \(M(G)\) is a proper subgroup of \(G\). Finally they characterize the groups \(G\) such that for every non-normal subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) the set of all subgroups of \(G\) containing \(H\) is the basis of a fan for \(H\).