Specialization and a local homeomorphism theorem for real Riemann surfaces of rings (Q1816549)

Let \(\varphi: k\to A\) and \(f:A\to R\) be ring morphisms, \(R\) a real ring. We prove that if \(f: A\to R\) is étale, then the corresponding mapping between real Riemann surfaces \[ S_r(f): S_r(R/k) \to S_r(A/k) \] is a local homeomorphism. Several preparatory results are proved, as well. The most relevant among these are: (1) a Chevalley theorem for real Riemann surfaces on the preservation of constructibility via \(S_r(f)\) and, (2) an analysis of the closure operator on real Riemann surfaces. Constructible sets are dealt with by means of a suitable language.