On locales of localizations (Q1820229)

A localization of a category \({\mathcal A}\) is a reflective subcategory \({\mathcal C}\to {\mathcal A}\) with left exact reflector \(r: {\mathcal A}\to {\mathcal C}\). It is well known that in certain cases the localizations of \({\mathcal A}\), Loc \({\mathcal A}\), (ordered by inclusion of subcategories), forms the dual of a locale. This occurs, for example, when \({\mathcal A}\) is a Grothendieck topos or if \({\mathcal A}=R\)-Mod is the category of right R- modules for a ring R, in which case the dual corresponds to the locale of Gabriel topologies on R. This paper considers the lattice theoretic properties of Loc \({\mathcal A}\) in great detail, in particular it generalizes the above examples. In considering the existence of suprema and infima in Loc \({\mathcal A}\), the connection between localizations and local factorization systems on \({\mathcal A}\) [\textit{C. Cassidy}, \textit{M. Hébert} and \textit{G. M. Kelly}, J. Aust. Math. Soc., Ser. A 38, 287-329 (1985; Zbl 0573.18002); Corrigenda, ibid. 41, 286 (1986; Zbl 0601.18001)] is utilized, as is the theory of well-pointed endofunctors \({\mathcal A}\to {\mathcal A}\). One of the main results is that if \({\mathcal A}\) is a locally presentable category in which finite limits commute with small filtered colimits and if furthermore \({\mathcal A}\) has a small strong generator, then Loc \({\mathcal A}\) is the dual of a locale. This includes the two above mentioned examples and more generally if \({\mathcal A}\) is such a category and \({\mathcal L}\) is a small finitely complete category, then Lex(\({\mathcal L},{\mathcal A})\), the category of left exact functors \({\mathcal L}\to {\mathcal A}\), is again such a category. The effect on localizations of changing \({\mathcal A}\) along a geometric morphism (a functor with a left exact left adjoint) is then studied and the question of when does a ring homomorphism \(R\to S\) give rise to a frame morphism Top \(R\to Top S\) between the corresponding frames of Gabriel topologies is addressed in the final section of the paper.