On the general solutions of a system of functional equations on a commutative semigroup (Q1821280)

The system considered reads as follows: \(F(xy,z)F(x,y)=F(x,yz)F(y,z)\), \(2F(x,y)=F(x,x)+F(y,y)\). The general solution \(F:G^ 2\to (0,+\infty)\) of this system is described via extreme decompositions of the commutative semigroup G. In particular, if \(F:(0,1)^ 2\to (0,+\infty)\) is a non- constant solution of the above system then either \(F(x,y)=(\ln xy)/(a\ln x\ln y)\) for all x,y\(\in (0,1)\) with some constant \(a<0\), or \(F(x,y)=(c[(xy)^{\alpha}-1])/([x^{\alpha}-1][y^{\alpha}-1])\) for all x,y\(\in (0,1)\) with some constant \(\alpha <0\) and \(c>0\) (and so all solutions are continuous). An explicit form of the solutions considered is given also in the case where \((G,\bullet)=({\mathbb{N}}\oplus ({\mathbb{N}}\cup \{0\}),+).\) The equation \(f(xy)[f(x)+f(y)]-f(x)f(y)=1\), being strictly connected with the above system, is also considered.