On the existence of KMS states (Q1821317)

In this paper A denotes a \(C^*\)-algebra and \(A^ 0\) denotes the opposed algebra with a in A and \(\bar a\) in \(A^ 0\). Let \(\sigma_ t\) be a one-parameter group of automorphisms of A. Those a in A such that \(\sigma_ z(a)\) is an entire function are called analytic. A state \(\omega\) is called a KMS state for \(\sigma\) if \(\omega (ab)=\omega (b\sigma_ i(a))\) for all b in A and all analytic a. Let \(\tilde A\) be the completion of the algebraic tensor product of \(A^ 0\) and A with respect to the maximal \(C^*\) norm. Let L be the smallest closed left ideal in \(\tilde A\) containing all elements of the form \(\bar a\otimes I- \bar I\otimes \sigma_{i/2}(a*)\). We then have the following Theorem 1. Let \({\tilde \omega}\) be a state on \(\tilde A\) such that \({\tilde \omega}|_ L=0\), and let \(\omega\) be the restriction of \({\tilde \omega}\) to A, i.e., \(\omega (a)={\tilde \omega}(\bar I\otimes a)\) for any a in A. Then \(\omega\) is a KMS state and \({\tilde \omega}\) is the purification of \(\omega\). Theorem 2. Let \(\omega\) be a KMS state of A and \({\tilde \omega}\) be the purification of \(\omega\). Then \({\tilde \omega}|_ L=0.\) Theorem 3. (The dynamical system (A,\(\sigma)\) admits a KMS state) if and only if \((L\neq A^ 0\otimes A)\).