Evolution operators related to semi-groups of class (A) (Q1822029)

The evolution operators studied in this paper are called B-evolutions [\textit{N. Sauer}, Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., Sect. A91, 287-303 (1982; Zbl 0529.47028)]. If B is a linear operator from a Banach space X to a Banach space Y, the family \(\{\) S(t): \(t>0\}\) of bounded linear operators from Y to X is called a B-evolution if \[ S(t+s)=S(t)BS(s). \] It follows that \(E(t):=BS(t)\) is a semigroup in the space Y. The theory initially developed was essentially based on the assumption that E(t) was of class \(C_ 0\). The B-evolution was then linked to the Cauchy problem \[ D_ t[Bu(t)]=Au(t);\quad Bu|_{t=0}=y \] by the introduction of the infinitesimal generator A of the B-evolution which is the strong limit as h tends to zero of \(h^{-1}[BS(h)B-B].\) In this paper we develop a weaker theory of B-evolutions by assuming that the associated semigroup E(t) is Abelsummable in the sense defined by \textit{E. Hille} and \textit{R. S. Phillips} [Functional Analysis and semigroups (1957; Zbl 0078.100)]. The infinitesimal operator \(A_ 0\) of S(t), defined as above, is not closeable. However, a restriction of \(A_ 0\) and B is jointly closeable. It is shown that the joint closure is characteristic of the B-evolution and is therefore called the generating pair. A characterization of generating pairs of B-evolutions in this setting is given. The relationship to the underlaying Cauchy problem is studied in depth. The Laplace transform P(\(\lambda)\) of S(t) plays a major role in the paper. Many of the results are based on the identities \[ P(\mu)=P(\lambda)+(\lambda -\mu)P(\mu)BP(\lambda),\quad S(t)BP(\lambda)=P(\lambda)BS(t) \] which are derived directly.