Super-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy and super-Grassmann manifold (Q1822112)

The authors consider a supersymmetric extension of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy. General solutions are explicitly represented in terms of a superdeterminant. It is shown that the super KP (SKP) hierarchy can be regarded as a dynamical system on a super Grassmann manifold. Let \(\theta\) be a Grassmann number and put \(\Theta =\partial /\partial \theta +\theta \partial /\partial x\) so that \(\Theta^ 2=\partial /\partial x\). Define an odd microdifferential operator \(L=\sum_{i\geq 0}u_ i\Theta^{1-i}\quad with\) \(u_ 0=1\), \(\Theta (u_ 1)+2u_ 2=0\). The SKP hierarchy is defined as follows: \(\Theta_{2k}(L)=(-)^ k[B_{2k},L],\Theta_{2k-1}(L)=(-)^ k\{[B_{2k-1},L]_+- 2L^{2k}\}\quad (k\geq 1),\) where \(\Theta_{2k}=\partial /\partial t_{2k}\), \(\Theta_{2k-1}=\partial /\partial t_{2k-1}+\sum_{m\geq 1}t_{2m-1}\partial /\partial t_{2k+2m-2}\) are the super time evolution operators and \(B_ k\) is the super differential operator part of \(K^ k\). These equations are slightly different from Manin-Radul's SKP hierarchy by the sign \((-)^ k\) of the right-hand sides. This sign agrees with the dynamical motion on the super Grassmann manifold. Like the ordinary KP theory, the even wave operator \(W=\sum_{j\geq 0}w_{- j}\Theta^{-j}\) exists and satisfies the super Sato equations. The \(\tau\)-function \(\tau\) (t,\(\Xi)\) is defined as the superdeterminant of certain super Wronski matrix attached to a superframe \(\Xi\) (point of the super Grassmann manifold). The coefficients \(w_{-j}\) of W are given by the quotients of the superdeterminants. Especially one has \(w_{- 1}=\Theta (\log \tau (t,\Xi))=\Theta_ 1(\log \tau (t,\Xi)).\) Transformations of the solutions and the reductions of the equations are also discussed.