On relative real holomorphy rings (Q1823996)

Let F be a formally real function field of transcendence degree n over \({\mathbb{R}}\). If A is a finitely generated \({\mathbb{R}}\)-subalgebra of F, with quotient field F, then the real holomorphy ring, \(H(F| A)\), of F over A is the intersection of all valuation rings, containing A, whose residue class fields are formally real. The authors extend known results in the following two ways: Denote the set of all \({\mathbb{R}}\)-algebra homomorphisms from A to \({\mathbb{R}}\) by V(A). Every element f in A yields \(\hat f: V(A)\to {\mathbb{R}}\) via \(\hat f(x)=x(f)\), for all x in A. The authors topologize V(A) with the coarsest topology such that all the \(\hat f\) are continuous. A point \(f\in V(A)\) is called nonsingular if the localization of A at the maximal ideal Ker \(\hat f\) is regular in the usual sense. They show, in case all \(f\in V(A)\) are nonsingular that ``every finitely generated ideal of \(H(F| A)\) can be generated by n elements'' is equivalent to ``V(A) has no compact connected components''. This takes a fair amount of material to prove and generalizes, i.a., work of \textit{W. Schülting} [Commun. Algebra 7, 1331-1349 (1979; Zbl 0432.13010)] and \textit{S. Akbulut} and \textit{H. King} [Am. J. Math. 107, 45-83 (1985; Zbl 0575.57009)]. An element \(\phi\) of F is locally bounded on V(A) if there are f,g in A such that \(\phi =f/g\) and for each point \(x\in V(A)\) there exists a neighborhood \(N_ x\) of x in \(V(A)\), and a positive real number \(c_ x\) satisfying \(| f(y)/g(y)| \leq c_ x\) for all y in \(N_ x\cap (V(A)\setminus g^{-1}(0))\). Then the second main result of the paper is that \(\phi\in F\) lies in \(H(F| A)\) if and only if it is locally bounded on V(A). This result is easier to prove than the first one.