On Opial-type inequalities in two variables (Q1825297)

In the paper the author establishes some new Opial type integral inequalities in two independent variables. Let f, \(f_ 1\), \(f_{12}\) and g, \(g_ 1\), \(g_{12}\) be continuous real-valued functions on \(D=[a,b]\times [c,d],\) where the subscripts stand for partial derivatives. Let \(p\geq 0,\quad q\geq 1\) be any real numbers and w be a positive continuous function on D. Let further \(f(a,t)=g(a,t)=f_ 1(s,c)=g_ 1(s,c)=0\) for all (s,t)\(\in D\). By denoting \[ I:=\int^{b}_{a}\int^{d}_{c}w| fg|^ p(| fg_{12}|^ q+| f_{12}g|^ q)dt ds, \] \[ J:=\frac{q}{2(p+q)}\int^{b}_{a}\int^{d}_{c}w(| f_{12}|^{2(p+q)}+| g_{12}|^{2(p+q)})dt ds, \] we may re-state the main results of the paper as follows. Theorem 1. If w(s,t) is nonincreasing in each variable, then we have \[ I\leq J[(b-a)(d- c)]^{2p+q}. \] Theorem 2. If \(0<A\leq w(s,t)\leq B\) for all (s,t)\(\in D\), then \[ I\leq J(B/A)^{(2p+q)/(2(p+q))}[(b-a)(d-c)]^{2p+q}. \] Theorem 3. Let all conditions of Theorem 2 be satisfied. Let further \(f(b,t)=g(b,t)=f_ 1(s,d)=g_ 1(s,d)=0\) for all \(s\in [a,b]\) and \(t\in [c,d]\). Then \[ I\leq J(B/A)^{(2p+q)/(2(p+q))}[\frac{1}{4}(b-a)(d- c)]^{2p+q}. \] These results generalize some known inequalities proved in \textit{G. S. Yang} [Tamkang J. Math. 13, 255-259 (1982; Zbl 0516.26009)], \textit{C. T. Lin} and \textit{G. S. Yang} [ibid. 15, 115-122 (1984; Zbl 0573.26006)], and \textit{B. G. Pachpatte} [Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., Sect. A 100, 263-270 (1985; Zbl 0577.26009)]. Two examples are given here to show that, in general, the annoying term \((B/A)^{(2p+q)/(2(p+q))}\) in Theorems 2 and 3 cannot be removed even when the function w is a positive bounded function and nonincreasing in each variable.