Problèmes d'intersections et de points fixes en géométrie hamiltonienne. (Intersection and fixed-point problems in Hamiltonian geometry) (Q1825490)

This paper contains two results which together provide a very efficient geometric proof of Arnol'd's symplectic fixed point conjecture for the case of compact locally symmetric Kähler manifolds of nonpositive curvature. (Analytic proofs were previously given by the author [J. Differ. Geom. 22, No.1, 49-79 (1985; Zbl 0555.58013)] and, for products of Riemann surfaces, by \textit{A. Floer} [Duke Math. J. 53, 1-32 (1986; Zbl 0607.58016)].) The first result estimates from below the number of intersection points in \(\phi\) (Z)\(\cap Z\), where Z is the zero section of the cotangent bundle of a compact manifold M, and \(\phi\) is a symplectic diffeomorphism connected to the identity by a Hamiltonian isotopy. The estimate, equal to the minimal number of critical points of a function on M, is just the one obtained previously by \textit{H. Hofer} [Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré, Anal. Non Linéaire 2, 407-462 (1985; Zbl 0591.58009)] and by \textit{F. Laudenbach} and the author [Invent. Math. 82, 349-357 (1985; Zbl 0592.58023)], but the proof is a new one. The main idea of the proof is to show that the existence of a quadratic (at infinity) phase function for a Lagrangian submanifold is a property which is invariant under Hamiltonian isotopy. To describe the second result, we let V be a compact locally symmetric Kähler manifold of nonpositive curvature, \(\bar V\) its universal covering. The graphs of symplectomorphisms of V homotopic to the identity can be lifted to Lagrangian submanifolds in a certain covering W of \(V\times V\). The author shows that W, which is the quotient of \(\bar V\times \bar V\) with the ``difference'' symplectic structure by the diagonal action of \(\pi_ 1(V)\), is diffeomorphic to \(T^*V\) with the standard symplectic structure.