Some remarks on groups in which elements with the same \(p\)-power commute (Q1848111)

Let \(p\) be a prime number. In the paper under review by \(C_p\) is denoted the class of all groups \(G\) satisfying the following property: \[ x^p=y^p,\quad x,y\in G\quad\text{implies}\quad xy=yx. \] Groups in the class \(C_2\) have been studied by \textit{L. V. Brailovsky} and \textit{G. A. Freiman} [in Collective phenomena, 4th Int. Conf., Moscow 1981, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 373, 183-190 (1981; Zbl 0579.20017)] and by \textit{L. Brailovsky} and \textit{M. Herzog} [in Ars Comb. 42, 207-210 (1996; Zbl 0861.20024)]. Finite groups in \(C_p\), with \(p\not=2\), have been investigated by \textit{M. Bianchi, A. Gillio Berta Mauri} and \textit{L. Verardi} [in Matematiche 51, Suppl., 53-61 (1996; Zbl 0902.20008)]. Recently \textit{D. Bubboloni} and \textit{G. Corsi Tani} [Finite \(p\)-groups in which every element of order \(p\) is central (to appear)] have studied the relationship between this class and the class of regular \(p\)-groups. In the paper under review the authors extend the results of \textit{M. Bianchi} et. al. [loc. cit.] to not necessarily finite groups, by proving the following theorems. Theorem 1. Let \(G\) be a \(p\)-group, with \(p\) odd. Then \(G\in C_p\) if and only if \(G\) is hypercentral of length \(\leq\omega\) and every element of \(G\) of order \(p\) is contained in \(Z(G)\), the centre of \(G\). Theorem 2. Let \(G\) be a \(p\)-group, with \(p\) odd. Then \(G\in C_p\) if and only if \(G\) is hypercentral of length \(\leq\omega\) and, for any positive integer \(i\), every element of \(G\) of order \(p^i\) is contained in the \(i\)-centre \(\zeta_i(G)\). Theorem 3. Let \(G\) be a group in the class \(C_p\), with \(p\) odd. Then for any positive integer \(i\) the \(p\)-elements of \(G\) of order at most \(p^i\) form a normal subgroup \(P_i\) of class \(\leq i\). Theorem 5. A locally nilpotent group \(G\) is in the class \(C_p\) if and only if every element of \(G\) of order \(p\) is contained in the centre \(Z(G)\). Theorem 6. Let \(G\) be a group such that every finitely generated subgroup of \(G\) has finite Abelian subgroup rank. Then \(G\in C_p\) if and only if the \(p\)-elements of \(G\) form a normal subgroup \(P\) in the class \(C_p\) such that \(G/P\) is in the class \(C_p\) and every nilpotent subgroup of \(G\) is in the class \(C_p\).