Asymptotic distribution of negative eigenvalues for three dimensional Pauli operators with nonconstant magnetic fields (Q1848501)

The authors investigate the Pauli operator with a two-dimensional magnetic field and three-dimensional potential. The unperturbed Pauli operator, acting in \(L^2({\mathbb R}^3)\otimes{\mathbb C}^2\), has the form \[ H_p= (-i\nabla- A)^2- \sigma\cdot B \] with magnetic potential \(A: {\mathbb R}^3\to {\mathbb R}^3\), the vector \(\sigma= (\sigma_1,\sigma_2,\sigma_3)\) of \(2\times 2\) Pauli matrices and the magnetic field \(B= \nabla\times A\). Denote elements of \({\mathbb R}^3\) by \((x,z)=(x_1,x_2,z)\). It is assumed that \(B= (0,0,b)\), \(b=b(x)\in C^1({\mathbb R}^2)\) and \[ {1\over C}|x|^{-d} \leq b(x) \leq C|x|^{-d},\quad |\nabla b(x)|\leq C|x|^{-d-1},\;C>1,\;0\leq d<2, \] and that the potential \(V\) is such that \[ \begin{multlined} {1\over C}|(x,z)|^{-m} \leq V(x,z) \leq C|(x,z)|^{-m},\\ |\nabla V(x,z)|\leq C|(x,z)|^{-m-1},\;C>1, 0<d<m<2,\;m/2+d<2.\end{multlined} \] It is proved that the number of eigenvalues of the Pauli operator \(H=H_p+V\) that are less than \(-\lambda\), has the following asymptotics \[ F(\lambda)(1+o(1)), \lambda \to 0, \] where \[ F(\lambda) = 2(2\pi)^{-2}\int_{\{V(x,z)>\lambda\}} b(x)(V(x,z)-\lambda)^{1\over 2} dx dz. \]