On the Steinberg presentation for Lie-type groups of type \(C_2\) (Q1849095)

The article considers abstract groups \(G\) which are generated by subgroups \(A_\alpha \), \(\alpha\in\Phi\), where \(\Phi\) is a root system of one of the types \(A_l\), \(B_l\), \(C_l\), \(D_l\), \(E_l\), \(F_4\), or \(G_2\), and such that \(G\) satisfies (i) if \(\beta\neq-\alpha \) then \([A_\alpha,A_\beta]\leq\langle A_{m\alpha+n\beta}\mid m\alpha+n\beta\in\Phi\rangle \); (ii) \(X_\alpha=\langle A_\alpha,A_{-\alpha}\rangle\) is a rank-one group with unipotent subgroups \(A_\alpha\) and \(A_{-\alpha}\). For \(\Phi\) containing only single bonds the general structure of \(G\) has been determined by Timmesfeld. This article establishes the first step towards a classifation in the case that \(\Phi\) contains double bonds by considering the case when \(\Phi\) of type \(C_2\). It is shown that then one of the following holds. (a) For some long root \(\alpha\in\Phi\), \(G=X_\alpha*C_G(X_\alpha)\) and \(X_\beta\leq C_G(X_\alpha)\) for all \(\beta\neq\pm\alpha\). (b) \(A_\alpha\) is an elementary Abelian \(2\)-group for all \(\alpha\in\Phi\). (c) In condition (i) always equality holds.