Periodic boundary value problem for first-order impulsive ordinary differential equations (Q1849180)

The authors consider a periodic boundary value problem of the type \[ x'(t)= f(t, x(t)),\quad t\neq t_k,\quad t\in J,\tag{1} \] \[ \Delta x(t_k)= I_k(x(t_k)),\quad k= 1,2,\dots, p,\quad x(0)= x(T), \] with \(f\in C(J\times \mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})\), \(J= [0,T]\), \(I_k\in C(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})\), \(\Delta x(t_k)= x(t^+_k)- x(t_k)\), \(k= 1,2,\dots, p\), \(0< t_1< t_2<\cdots< t_k<\cdots<\cdots< t_p< T\). By means of the method of upper and lower solutions and of the monotone iterative techniques, sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to (1) are obtained.