On diffeomorphisms over surfaces trivially embedded in the \(4\)-sphere (Q1851217)

We denote by \(H_{g}\) the oriented 3-dimensional handlebody of genus \(g\) and by \(\Sigma_{g} = \partial H_{g}\) the closed oriented surface of genus \(g\). An embedding \(\Sigma_{g}\hookrightarrow S^{4}\) is called \textit{trivial} if it extends to \(H_{g}\). We denote by \(\mathcal{M}_{g} = \pi_{0}\text{Diff}^{+}(\Sigma_{g})\) the mapping class group of \(\Sigma_{g}\). Every embedding \(K : \Sigma_{g}\hookrightarrow S^{4}\) determines the Rokhlin quadratic form \(q_{K} : H_1(\Sigma_g; \mathbf Z/2\mathbf Z) \to\mathbf Z/2\mathbf Z\). Let \(G(q_{K})\subset\mathcal{M}_{g}\) be the subgroup which preserves \(q_{K}\). The group \(G(q_K)\) is called the spin mapping class group. Moreover, let \(\mathcal{E}(S^{4},K)\) be the subgroup of all elements \(\phi\in \mathcal{M}_{g}\) for which there exists a diffeomorphism \(\Phi\in \text{Diff}^{+}(S^4)\) such that \(\Phi\circ K = K\circ \phi\). The main result of the paper under discussion is to prove that for the trivial embedding the group \(\mathcal{E}(S^{4},\Sigma_{g})\) coincides with the spin mapping class group. This result was proved for \(g=1\) by \textit{J. M. Montesinos} [Q. J. Math., Oxf. II. Ser. 34, 171-199 (1983; Zbl 0522.57019)]. For related work see [\textit{S. Hirose}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 119, 1009-1018 (1993; Zbl 0806.57011)] and [\textit{Z. Iwase}, Jap. J. Math., New Ser. 16, 171-196 (1990; Zbl 0719.57013)].