Explicit computation of Galois \(p\)-groups unramified at \(p\) (Q1858225)

Let \(S\) be a finite set of odd primes and let \(\mathbb{Q}_S\) be the maximal 2-extension of \(\mathbb{Q}\) in which only primes in \(S\) are ramified. The authors continue the study of the Galois group \(G_S\) of \(\mathbb{Q}_S/\mathbb{Q}\), which was initiated by the first author (together with \textit{D. Perry}) in J. Algebra 232, 664-672 (2000; Zbl 0985.11055). They use computer algebra programs, in particular KANT, KASH and MAGMA, to prove that certain groups \(G_S\) are finite. Their standard examples are \(S= \{5,19\}\) and \(\{3,11,19\}\). In the case that \(S= \{p,q\}\) with \(p\equiv 3\pmod 4\), \(q\equiv 5\pmod 8\) the tested cases lead the authors to the following conjecture: Let \(-p\) be congruent to a fourth power modulo \(q\) and let the class number of \(\mathbb{Q} (\sqrt{-pq})\) be not divisible by 16. Furthermore denote the two exponent of \(p+1\) by \(k\). Then \(G_S\) has order \(2^{5k+9}\) and nilpotency class \(4k+3\).