Spectral radius of non-negative matrices and digraphs (Q1862883)

Let \(A=(a_{ij})\) be an \(n\times n\) nonnegative matrix without zero rows. Denote by \(\rho(A)\) the spectral radius of \(A\) and let \(R_i= \sum^n_{j=1} a_{ij}\), \(M_i=\sum^n_{j=1} a_{ij}R_j\), \(K_i=\sqrt {(\sum^n_{j=1} a_{ij} M_j)/R_i}\). The following bound \[ \min\{K_i:1\leq i\leq n\}\leq \rho(A) \leq \max \{K_i:1\leq i\leq n\} \] is proved, from which several known bounds for \(\rho (A)\) and bounds for the spectral radius of digraphs are derived.