Observer-dependent Gauss-Codazzi formalism for null hypersurfaces in the space-time (Q1864914)

After introducing of the concept of reference frame, first the case of non-null hypersurface is studied. The orthogonal splitting of the ambient space-time, with respect to the unit normal vector field, is considered. For a time-like hypersurface the generalized second fundamental form is introduced. In the case of a space-like hypersurface this is replaced by the deformation tensor of the normal reference frame. In both cases the corresponding generalized Ricci and Gauss-Codazzi formulae are proved. Then a similar procedure for a null hypersurface, with the help of transverse double projection relative to a reference frame, is considered. This leads to an observer dependent definition of the second fundamental form analogue, and to the corresponding Ricci and Gauss-Codazzi formulae.