On an inequality for the Hadamard product of an \(M\)-matrix or an \(H\)-matrix and its inverse (Q1873694)

A matrix \(A=(a_{ij})\in{\mathcal R}^{n,n}\) is called an \(M\)-matrix if \(a_{ij}\leq 0\), \(i\neq j\), \(i,j=1,2,\dots,n,\) \(A\) is nonsingular and \(A^{-1}\geq 0\). Let \(D \) be the diagonal matrix of \(A\) and \(C=D-A.\) Define \(q(A)=\min \{\left|\lambda \right|:\lambda \in \sigma (A)\}\), where \(\sigma (A)\) denotes the spectrum of \(A.\) The main result of the paper is the following. Theorem: Let \(A\) be an \(M\)-matrix , then \[ q(A\circ A^{-1})\geq \max \left\{ 1-\rho (J)^2\frac{1+\rho (J)^{\frac 1{n+2}}}{1+(n-1)\rho (J)^{\frac 1{n+2}}}\right\}\tag{1} \] where \(\rho (J) \) is the spectral radius of the Jacobi iterative matrix \(J=D^{-1}C\) of \(A\), and \(A\circ A^{-1}\) is the Hadamard product of \(A\) and \(A^{-1}.\)