Gauss algebras (Q1876559)

In this paper one finds a new attempt to transfer the notion of triangular decomposition from the semi-simple Lie algebras to associative algebras. For an associative unital algebra, \(A\), the author defines a \textit{Gauss triple}, \((N_-,H,N_+)\), as a triple of unital subalgebras of \(A\) satisfying the following three conditions: (1) \(H\) normalizes both \(N_-\) and \(N_+\); (2) \(A\) possesses a free decomposition \(A=N_-HN_+\); (3) \(A\) admits a \(\mathbb{Z}\)-grading such that the subalgebras \(N_-\), \(H\) and \(N_+\) are generated by the elements of degree \(<0\), \(=0\) and \(>0\) respectively. In the standard way one defines \textit{Verma modules} and the \textit{universal Verma module} for all algebras with a fixed Gauss triple. A \textit{Gauss algebra} is an algebra, \(A\), with a Gauss triple, such that \(A\) admits an involution, which fixes \(H\) pointwise and flips the \(\mathbb{Z}\)-grading; and such that the Shapovalov form on the universal Verma module, defined using this involution, is non-degenerate. The Weyl algebra, the universal enveloping algebras of symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebras and their quantum analogues are classical examples of algebras admitting a Gauss triple. After introducing all definitions and discussing the examples the author studies the action of a Gauss algebra on the universal Verma module, and the category of modules, which are ``locally nilpotent'' with respect to the generators of \(N_+\). It happens that under some natural assumptions this category is semi-simple.