Absolutely indecomposable representations and Kac-Moody Lie algebras. (With an appendix by Hiraku Nakajima). (Q1879281)

Let \(Q\) be a finite quiver without loops and \(\mathbb{F}_p\) be a finite field with \(q\) elements. A representation of \(Q\) over \(\mathbb{F}_p\) is called absolutely indecomposable if it remains indecomposable over the algebraic closure of \(\mathbb{F}_p\). \textit{V.~G.~Kac} [in Invariant theory, Proc. 1st 1982 Sess. C.I.M.E., Montecatini/Italy, Lect. Notes Math. 996, 74-108 (1983; Zbl 0534.14004)] has shown that the number of absolutely indecomposable representations of \(Q\) over \(\mathbb{F}_p\) with a fixed dimension vector, \(\alpha\), is a polynomial, \(a_\alpha(p)\), in \(p\). It was conjectured that this polynomial has non-negative coefficients and that \(a_\alpha(0)\) is the multiplicity of \(\alpha\) as a root of the Kac-Moody Lie algebra, associated with \(Q\). In the paper under review the above conjectures are proved for indivisible roots. The key point of the proof is a new interpretation of the coefficients of \(a_\alpha(p)\) as dimensions of certain singular cohomology spaces (with complex coefficients) of smooth moduli-spaces of certain stable representations of dimension vector \(\alpha\).