On an extension of the Fubini theorem and its applications in ODEs (Q1879689)

The celebrated Fubini's theorem is concerned with interchanging the order of integration and states that \[ \int_{0}^{\infty}b(t)\left( \int_{0}^{t}A(s)ds\right) dt=\int_{0}^{\infty }A(t)\left( \int_{0}^{t}b(s)ds\right) dt. \] The authors of this nicely written paper explore the possibility for the extension of Fubini's theorem to the integrals of the form \[ \int_{0}^{\infty}b(t)\left( \int_{0}^{t}A(s)ds\right) ^{m}dt\tag{i1} \] and \[ \int_{0}^{\infty}A(t)\left( \int_{0}^{t}b(s)ds\right) ^{1/m}dt,\tag{i2} \] where \(m>0,\) \(A\) and \(b\) are continuous nonnegative functions on \([0,+\infty)\) and \(b\) is integrable on \([0,+\infty).\) Although the problem is interesting in its own way, it has been motivated by the study of the asymptotic properties of second-order nonlinear differential equations with so-called \(p\)-Laplacian, intensively studied by many authors. In fact, two applications for the second-order nonlinear differential equation \[ \left( a(t)\left| x^{\prime}\right| ^{\alpha}\text{sgn} x^{\prime}\right) ^{\prime}+b(t)\left| x\right| ^{\beta }\text{sgn}x=0\tag{ef} \] are examined in detail. In the first one, a comparison result for Emden-Fowler systems of equations is used to establish by comparison the oscillation of the generalized Emden-Fowler equation in the case \(\alpha>\beta.\) The second application is concerned with nonoscillation of equation (ef) for \(\alpha=\beta\) (half-linear differential equation). Remarkably, the relation between the integrals (i1) and (i2) allows a complete analysis of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of half-linear differential equations and helps to compare it with that of linear differential equations.