Geometric properties of harmonic shears (Q1880504)

A study of planar harmonic mappings produced with the shear construction devised by Clunie and Sheil-Small. Specifically it will describe the geometry of mappings produced by the shear construction. A technique for constructing examples of harmonic mappings by shearing a conformal mapping is presented. Some examples of harmonic shears are illustrating graphically with the help of Mathematica software. For a given conformal mapping \(\varphi\) convex in the horizontal direction in \(D\) and analytic function \(\omega\) with \(|\omega(z) |<1\) for \(z\in D\), the shear of \(\varphi\) for dilatation \(\omega\) is defined as \(f=h+\overline g\) where \(h\) and \(g\) are analytic functions satisfying the pair of differential equations \(h'-g'=\varphi'\) \(\omega h'-g'-0\) with normalization \(h(0)=\varphi(0)\), \(g(0)=0\). Without loss of generality it may be assumed that \(\varphi(0)=0\), and then \[ f(z)=\text{Re} \left( \int^z_0\frac{2 \varphi'(\zeta)} {1-\omega(\zeta)}d \zeta\right)-\overline {\varphi(z)}. \] The following result is also proved: Theorem 1. Let \(\varphi\) be a conformal mapping of the unit disc \(D\) onto a domain convex in the direction of the real axis, and let \(\omega\) be an analytic function with \(|\omega(z) |<1\) in \(D\). Let \(f\) be the horizontal shear \(\varphi\) with dilatation \(\omega\). If \(I=\{e^{i\theta}: \theta\in (a,b)\}\) is an arc which \(\varphi\) maps to a horizontal line segment and if \(\omega\) is continuous up to \(I\) with \(\omega(e^{i\theta})\in T \setminus\{1\}= \{e^{i\theta}:\theta \in(0,2\pi)\}\) for all \(\theta\in (a,b)\), then the image of the arc \(I\) under \(f\) collapses to a single point in the sense that \(f\) extends continuously to \(I\) with \(f(e^{i\theta})= \lim_{z\to e^{i\theta}} f(z)=c_0\) for some constant \(c_0\) and for all \(\theta\in(a,b)\).