A new class of normed spaces with nontrivial groups of isometries and some estimates for operators with given action (Q1880967)

Let \(V\) be a \(k\)-dimensional normed space. A basis \((e_i)_{i=1}^k\) in \(V\) is called a distinguished basis if there is a subgroup \(G\) of isometries of \(V\) such that an operator \(S\) commutes with each \(g \in G\) if and only if it is diagonal with respect to \((e_i)_{i=1}^k\). Examples. Every \(1\)-unconditional basis is distinguished. If \(A\) is a compact Abelian group and if \(X\) is a translation invariant function space on \(A\), then a finite set of characters is a distinguished basis for the subspace it spans. If \(X\) and \(Y\) have distinguished bases, then the space of linear operators from \(X\) to \(Y\) with norm \(\alpha\) has a distinguished basis provided that \(\alpha\) satisfies a reasonable condition. Theorem. If \(V\) has a distinguished basis and if \(T = \text{diag} (d_i)\) with respect to the basis, then \(\pi_2(T) = (\sum d_i^2)^{1/2}\). If \(A\) is a \(k\times k \) matrix, then \(L_A(V)\) denotes the set of all operators on \(V\) whose matrix with respect to some basis is \(A\). The above theorem implies that if \(V\) has a distinguished basis and if \(D = \text{diag}(d_i)\), then \(\inf\{\pi_2(T): T \in L_D(V)\} = (\sum d_i^2)^{1/2}\).