Optimal domains and integral representations of convolution operators in \(L^p(G)\) (Q1881586)

This paper deals with the extension of the classical convolution operator \[ f\in L^p(G)\longmapsto C^{(p)}_g(f):=f\ast g\in L^p(G). \] Here, \(G\) is a compact Haussdorf abelian group considered with Haar measure, \(g\in L^1(G)\) and \(1\leq p<\infty\). In the spirit of the work by the reviewer and the second named author [Math. Nachr. 244, 47--63 (2002; Zbl 1027.47023)], the authors of the paper under review identify the {optimal lattice domain} for the operator \(C^{(p)}_g\), that is, the maximal order continuous Banach lattice containing \(L^p(G)\) to which the operator \(C^{(p)}_g\) can be extended as a continuous linear operator with values in \(L^p(G)\). The identification is made with the space \(L^1(m_g^{(p)})\) of complex functions which are integrable with respect to the \(L^p(G)\)-valued measure given by \(m_g^{(p)}(E): =C^{(p)}_g(\chi_E)\), where \(E\) is a Borel set in \(G\), \(E\in {\mathcal B}(G)\). In particular, this implies that \(L^p(G)\) is continuously embedded into \(L^1(m_g^{(p)})\) and the integration operator \(f\in L^1(m_g^{(p)})\mapsto I_{m_g^{(p)}}(f):=\int_Gf\,dm_g^{(p)}\in L^p(G)\) extends \(C^{(p)}_g\). An important property of \(C^{(p)}_g\) is compactness. The paper makes a thorough study of compactness of the extended operator \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) on the extended domain \(L^1(m_g^{(p)})\), showing that for \(1<p<\infty\), if \(g\in L^1(G)\setminus L^p(G)\), then \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) is not compact, and for \(1\leq p<\infty\), if \(g\in L^p(G)\), then \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) is compact. The implications of compactness are studied in detail in Theorem 1.2. The paper includes a study of several properties of the extended operator \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) on the extended domain \(L^1(m_g^{(p)})\). For example, it is shown that \(L^1(m_g^{(p)})\) is a translation invariant subspace of \(L^1(G)\), where \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) commutes with translations. Two interesting characterizations of the extended domain are given (Proposition 3.2), namely, \[ L^1(m_g^{(p)})=\{f\in L^1(G):(f\chi_E)\ast g\in L^p(G), \forall E\in {\mathcal B}(G)\}=\{f\in L^1(G):| f| \ast g\in L^p(G)\}. \] The paper ends with an application to the study of the Fourier \(p\)-multipliers for the group \(G\). Namely, \(\chi_{\text{supp}(\hat g)}\) is Fourier \(p\)-multiplier for \(G\) if (and only if) the range of the extended operator \(I_{m_g^{(p)}}\) induces a topological decomposition of \(L^p(G)\) (Theorem 1.4).