Subdifferentiability of the norm and the Banach--Stone theorem for real and complex JB*-triples (Q1882580)

The authors describe the points of strong subdifferentiability for the norm of a real \(JB^*\)-triple, extending the description provided in [Q. J. Math. 54, No. 4, 381--390 (2003; Zbl 1061.46044)] in the complex setting. They use this description to characterize weakly compact real \(JB^*\)-triples and to give an alternative proof of Kaup's Banach-Stone theorem for \(JB^*\)-triples. Let \(X\) be a Banach space. The norm of \(X\) is said to be strongly-subdifferentiable at a norm-one point \(x\in X\) whenever the limit \[ \lim_{\alpha\to 0^+} \dfrac{\| x+\alpha y\| -1}{\alpha} \] exists uniformly for \(y\) in the closed unit ball of \(X\). A real \(JB^*\)-triple \(E\) is a norm-closed real subtriple of a (complex) \(JB^*\)-triple or, equivalently, \(E\) is a real form of a unique (complex) \(JB^*\)-triple denoted by \(\widehat{E}\) [see Manuscr. Math. 86, No. 3, 311--335 (1995; Zbl 0834.17047)]. The main result of the present paper is that the norm of a real \(JB^*\)-triple \(E\) is strongly subdifferentiable at a norm-one point \(x\) if and only if the norm of \(\widetilde{E}\) is strongly subdifferentiable at \(x\). As a consequence of the above result, the authors show that the norm of \(E\) is strongly subdifferentiable at \(x\) if and only if \(1\) is an isolated point of the complex triple spectrum of \(x\), if and only if the support tripotent of \(x\) in \(E^{**}\), \(u(E^{**},x)\), belongs to \(E\). A real or complex \(JB^*\)-triple \(E\) is weakly compact if the operator \(Q(a):E\longrightarrow E\) defined by \(Q(a)(x)=\{a,x,a\}\) is weakly compact for every \(a\in E\). The authors show that a real \(JB^*\)-triple \(E\) is weakly compact if and only if the norm of \(E\) is strongly subdifferentiable at every norm-one point of \(E\), extending the corresponding result for complex \(JB^*\)-triples given in [Zbl 1061.46044]. Finally, in section~3 the above results are applied to show that surjective isometries between real or complex \(JB^*\)-triples preserve tripotents, a result from which an alternative proof of Kaup's Banach-Stone theorem can be deduced: surjective isometries between complex \(JB^*\)-triples are triple isomorphisms.