Abelian kernels of monoids of order-preserving maps and of some of its extensions. (Q1882651)

The Abelian kernel of a monoid \(M\) is the intersection of the inverse image of the identity element taken over all relational morphisms from \(M\) to some finite Abelian group. In this paper is calculated the Abelian kernel for various monoids of partial transformations including the symmetric inverse monoid \(I_n\), monoids of order-preserving or order-reversing transformations, and monoids of orientation-preserving and orientation-reversing transformations. The approach is via presentations of these monoids derived in previous papers. For example, the Abelian kernel of \(I_n\) consists of all even permutations of the base set, all elements of rank less than \(n-1\), and all elements of \(A_{n-1}H'A_{n-1}\), where \(H'\) is the derived group of a maximal subgroup of the \({\mathcal J}\)-class \(J_{n-1}\), and \(A_{n-1}\) is the alternating group on \(n-1\) elements.