Rohlin's invariant and gauge theory. II: Mapping tori (Q1882813)

Let \(X\) be a homology \(S^1 \times S^3\) four-manifold, and consider the moduli space of irreducible ASD connections on a trivial \(SU(2)\)-bundle over \(X\). The associated moduli space (after perturbation if necessary) is compact and cannonically oriented. The authors consider Donaldson polynomial of degree zero \(D_0(X)\); Furuta and Ohta defined invariant as \(D_0(X)/4\), it may be regarded as a four-dimensional version of the Casson's invariant. The goal of the paper is to calculate the Furuta-Ohta invariant for manifolds of type \(X= [0,1] \times \Sigma / (0,x) \sim (1, \tau(x))\), where \(\tau : \Sigma \to \Sigma \) is a finite order preserving diffeomorphism of an integral homology sphere \(\Sigma\). The first result is that the Furuta-Ohta invariant is the equivariant Casson invariant for such an \(X\) if the action has fixed points and a version of the Boyer-Nicas invariant if the action is free. Also the authors show that the Furuta-Ohta invariant reduces mod 2 to the Rohlin invariant of a manifold carrying a generator of the third homology group. Under some transversality assumptions, it is shown that the Fututa-Ohta invariant coincides with the Lefschetz number of the action on Floer homology. The authors get an example of a diffeomorphism acting trivially on the representation variety but not trivially on Floer homology. For Part I see \textit{D. Ruberman} and \textit{N. Saveliev} [Comment. Math. Helv. 79, No. 3, 618--646 (2004; Zbl 1063.57015)].