Convex subclass of harmonic starlike functions (Q1883201)

A complex valued harmonic function \(f\) defined in a simply connected domain \(\Omega\) can be represented as \(f = h + \overline{g}\), where \(h\) and \(g\) are holomorphic in \(\Omega\). Such an \(f\) is locally univalent and sense preserving in \(\Omega \) if and only if \(|h'(z)| > |g'(z)|\) in \(\Omega\). Let \(S_H\) the class of functions \(f = h + \overline{g}\) that are harmonic and sense preserving in the unit disk \(\mathbb D\) for which \(f(0) = f_z(0) - 1 = 0\). For \(f = h + \overline{g} \in S_H\) the functions \(f\) and \(g\) can be expressed as \[ h(z) = z + \sum_{n=2}^\infty a_nz^n, \quad g(z) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty b_nz^n, \quad |b_1| < 1. \tag{1} \] The class \(S_H\) was introduced by \textit{J. Clunie} and \textit{T. Sheil-Small} [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A I Math. 9, 3--25 (1984; Zbl 0506.30007)] who also investigated its geometric subclasses and obtained some coefficient bounds. \textit{J. M. Jahangiri} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 235, 470--477 (1999; Zbl 0940.30003)] defined the class \({\mathcal F}_H(\alpha)\) consisting of functions \(f = h + \overline{g}\) such that \(h\) and \(g\) are of the form \[ h(z) = z - \sum_{n=2}^\infty a_nz^n, \quad g(z) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty |b_n|z^n, \tag{2} \] which satisfy the condition \[ \Re \left(\frac{z h'(z) - \overline{zg'(z)}}{h(z) + g(z)} \right) > \alpha, \quad 0 \leq \alpha < 1. \] Jahangiri proved that if \(f = h + \overline{g}\) is given by (1) and if \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left(\frac{n - \alpha}{1 - \alpha}|a_n| + \frac{n + \alpha}{1 - \alpha}|b_n| \right) \leq 2, \quad 0 \leq \alpha < 1, \quad a_1 = 1, \] then \(f\) is harmonic, univalent, and starlike of order \(\alpha\) in \(\mathbb D\). This condition is also necessary if \(f \in {\mathcal F}_H(\alpha)\). In the paper the authors consider the subclass \(S_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) of \(S_H\) of those functions \(f = h + \overline{g} \in S_H\) that satisfy the condition \[ \Re \left(\frac{zh'(z) - \overline{zg'(z)}}{\lambda (zh'(z) - \overline{zg'(z)})+ (1 - \lambda)(h(z) + \overline{g(z)}} \right) > \alpha, \tag{3} \] for some \(\alpha\), \((0 \leq \alpha < 1)\), \(\lambda\), \((0\leq \lambda < 1)\), and \(z \in \mathbb D\), and the the subclass \(TS_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) of \(S_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) consisting of functions \(f = h + \overline{g}\) such that \(h\) and \(g\) satisfy (2). In the note it is shown that if \(f = h + \overline{g}\) satisfy (1) and \[ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{n - \alpha - \alpha \lambda(n - 1)}{1 - \alpha}|a_n| + \frac{n + \alpha - \alpha \lambda (n + 1)}{1 - \alpha}|b_n| \right) \leq 2 \tag{4} \] where \(a_1 = 1\), \(0 \leq \lambda < 1, 0 \leq \alpha < 1\), then \(f\) is harmonic univalent in \(\mathbb D\), and, for \(\lambda \leq (1 - \alpha)/(1 + \alpha)\), \(f \in S_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\). Moreover, if \(f = h + \overline{g}\) satisfy (2), then (4) is a necessary and sufficient condition for \(f \in TS_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) whenever the parameters satisfy the same restrictions as above. Other properties for the subclass \(TS_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) are proved; for instance, \(TS_H^{*}(\lambda, \alpha)\) is closed under convex combinations.