A remark on a remark by Macaulay or enhancing Lazard structural theorem (Q1883993)

Macaulay gave a construction which associates to an ideal \(J\) in \(k[x_1,\dots,x_n]\) a set of points in \(k^n\) whose radical ideal has \(J\) as initial ideal. Moreover he gives a correspondence between the points and the monomials which are not in \(J\). Some converse results were proved by Möller, Lazard, Cerlienco-Mureddu. In particular, the original result of Lazard is a complete characterization of Gröbner bases for ideals in \(k[x_1,x_2]\) with respect to the lexicographical ordering. By combining the techniques of Möller and Cerlienco-Mureddu, the authors generalize this result to more than two variables producing the reduced Gröbner basis and a factorization of each element of the basis modulo the previous ones. Moreover a combinatorial algorithm is given that generalizes the one of Cerlienco-Mureddu and allows to find the above factorizations, the border basis, and a dual basis of the set of points. The possibility of further generalizations is discussed.