Superstability of the generalized orthogonality equation on restricted domains (Q1884013)

If \(f:D_n\to\mathbb R^n\) satisfies the functional inequality \(|| \langle f(x),f(y)\rangle|-|\langle x,y\rangle||\leq\varphi (x,y)\) for all \(x,y\in D_n\) and an appropriate function \(\varphi:\mathbb R^n\times \mathbb R^n\to \mathbb R\) (cf. infra), then \(f\) satisfies \textit{E. P. Wigner's} generalized orthogonality equation [Gruppentheorie und ihre Anwendung auf die Quantenmechanik der Atomspektren (Braunschweig:Vieweg \& Sohn) (1931; Zbl 0001.37402)], \(|\langle f(x),f(y)\rangle|=|\langle x,y\rangle|\) for all \(x,y\in D_n\). Several interesting corollaries and applications are also included. Here \(\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle\) denotes the usual Euclidean inner product on \(\mathbb R^n\); \(\|\cdot\|=\sqrt{\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle}\); \(c\) and \(d\) are positive constants with \(c\neq 1\); and, the natural number \(n\) satisfies \(n\geq 2\). For \(0 <c< 1\), \(D_n=\{x\mid\| x\|>d,\;x\in\mathbb R^n\}\); if \(c>1\), \(D_n =\{x\mid\| x\|<d,\;x\in\mathbb R^n\}\). \(\varphi\) is a symmetric function satisfying the following additional conditions. (i) there exists a function \(\phi:[0,\infty)\times [0,\infty)\to [0,\infty)\) for which \(\varphi(x,y)=\phi(\| x\|,\| y\|)\) for all \(x,y\in \mathbb R^n\); (ii) \(\frac1\lambda\,\varphi(\lambda x,y)=O(-\frac{\ln(c)}{\ln(|\lambda|)})\) as \(|\lambda|\to\infty\) when \(0<c<1\) or as \(|\lambda|\to 0\) when \(c<1\), for all \(x,y\in\mathbb R^n\); (iii) for \(|\lambda|\neq 1\neq |\mu|\), \(\frac 1{|\lambda\mu|}\varphi(\lambda x,\mu y)=O(|\frac{\ln(c)}{\ln(|\lambda|)}\;\frac{\ln(c)}{\ln(|\mu|)})|\) as \(|\lambda\mu|\to\infty\) when \(0 < c < 1\) or as \(|\lambda\mu|\to 0\) when \(c > 1\), for all \(x,y\in\mathbb R^n\).