On covariant embeddings of a linear functional equation with respect to an analytic iteration group in some non-generic cases (Q1884754)

The authors give a complete solution of the problem of the existence of a covariant embedding of the linear functional equation \[ \varphi(p(x))=a(x)\varphi(x)+b(x) \] (where \(p,a,b \in \mathcal{C}[[x]]\) are given formal power series) with respect to an analytic iteration group. In a previous paper [On covariant embeddings of a linear functional equation with respect to an analytic iteration group. Internat. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Engrg. 13, No. 7, 1853--1875 (2003)] the authors solved this problem in the generic cases. In the present paper four remaining non-generic cases are studied. To solve the considered problem in these cases the set of solutions of the linear functional equation is determined. The problem of the existence of a covariant embedding is also solved for \(p(x)=x\), i.e. in the case where the linear equation is not a functional equation in the usual sense.