On the recognition problem of quasi-homogeneous locally nilpotent derivations in dimension three (Q1886786)

Let \(A:=k[X_1,X_2,X_3]\) be the polynomial ring over a field \(k\) of characteristic 0. A \(k\)-derivation \(D\) on this ring is called locally nilpotent if for each \(a\in A\) there exists a positive integer \(m\) such that \(D^m(a)=0\). Let \(w:=(w_1,w_2,w_3)\in ({\mathbb N}^+)^3\). The ring \(A\) becomes an \(\mathbb N\)-graded ring if \(A_m\) is defined as the \(k\)-vectorspace generated by monomials \(X^\alpha:=X_1^{\alpha_1}X_2^{\alpha_2}X_3^{\alpha_3}\) with the \(w\)-degree equal to \(m\). A derivation \(D\) on \(A\) is called \(w\)-homogeneous with degree \(w(D)\) if \(D(A_m)\subset A_{m+w(D)}\) for all \(m\geq0\). In the paper under review, a criterion is given to decide if a given \(w\)-homogeneous derivation on \(A\) is locally nilpotent. An algorithm is designed which decides if a \(k\)-subalgebra of \(A\), which is finitely generated by \(w\)-homogeneous elements, is the kernel of a locally nilpotent derivation.