Uniformly effective Shafarevich conjecture on families of hyperbolic curves over a curve with prescribed degeneracy locus (Q1887196)

Let \(B\) be a smooth complex curve of genus \(q \geq 2\). The Shafarevich conjecture, proved by Parshin and Arakelov, asserts that there exists only finitely many of nonisotrivial minimal families \(f:\;X \rightarrow B\) of curves of genus \(g\geq 2\) with \(X\) smooth and such that \(f: X \setminus f^{-1}(S) \rightarrow B \setminus S\), where \(S\subset B\) is a finite subset, is a smooth family. The author gives an effective bound for the number of these classes. This bound finally depends only on \(g,q\) and \(s=| S| \), but its expression in the statement of the main theorem of the paper involves also several another constants constructed in the course of proof. In order to prove his result the author uses algebraic geometric argument involving Chow varieties. Namely, if \(f: X \to B\) is a family under discussion, there exists a canonical morphism \(\psi_X^0: B \setminus S \rightarrow \text{Chow}_{1,d}( \mathbb{P}^m)\) having unique extension \(\psi_X: B \rightarrow \text{Chow}_{1,d}( \mathbb{P}^m)\), where \( \text{Chow}_{1,d}\) denotes the Chow variety of 1-dimensional cycles of degree \(d=5(2g-2)\) in \( \mathbb{P}^n\). Since no two nonisomorphic families of smooth curves of genus \(g\geq 2\) over \(B \setminus S\) can correspond to the same class of morphisms \(\psi_X: B \rightarrow \text{Chow}_{1,d}( \mathbb{P}^m)\), it suffices to estimate the cardinality of the set of isomorphism classes of maps \(\psi_X\). This is accomplished by bounding the degree of the graphs \( \Gamma_{\psi_X} \subset B \times \text{Chow}_{1,d}( \mathbb{P}^m)\), by applying a rigidity argument to \(\Gamma_{\psi_X}\), and by estimating certain Chow varieties of cycles in \(B \times \text{Chow}_{1,d}(\mathbb{P}^m)\). In the course of the proof the author studies several properties of projective curves which are of independent interest. Finally, using ``Parshin's trick'' which shows that the Shafarevich conjecture implies the Mordell conjecture, the author obtains also an effective uniform version of the Mordell conjecture.