On some automatic continuity theorems (Q1887387)

A topological algebra \(A\) with unit \(e\) is shown to have a topology determined by a family of seminorms \(p\) with the property \(p(x^2)= p(x)^2\) for each \(x\in A\) if and only if \(A\) has a topology-defining family \(\{p_s: s\in S\}\) of submultiplicative seminorms such that \(p_s(e)= 1\) for each \(s\in S\) and for each \(x\in A\), \(s\in S\) such that \(p_s(x)= 1\) there exists a \(f_0\in M_s(A)\) such that \(|f_0(x)|= 1\). \(M_s(A)\) is the set of those nonzero continuous multiplicative functionals \(f\) on \(A\) for which \(|f(x)|\leq p_s(x)\) for each \(x\in A\). A similar result is proven for saturated locally multiplicatively convex algebras in the sense of \textit{M. Oudadess} [Math. Jap. 35, No. 4, 615--620 (1990; Zbl 0725.46031)]. The class of algebras under consideration is extended by a condition concerning the existence of multiplicative functionals, and automatic continuity theorems are generalized to this situation.