Generalized standard Auslander-Reiten components (Q1890836)

Let \(A\) be an Artin algebra over a commutative Artin ring \(R\). Denote by \(\text{rad}^\infty (\text{mod }A)\) the infinite radical of \(\text{mod }A\), and by \(\Gamma_A\) the Auslander-Reiten quiver of \(A\). In this paper the author introduces the concept of generalized standard component as follows: a connected component \(\mathcal C\) of \(\Gamma_A\) is called generalized standard if \(\text{rad}^\infty (X, Y) = 0\) for all modules \(X\), \(Y\) from \(\mathcal C\). This concept makes sense for any Artin algebra, and is motivated by recent results on modules over arbitrary Artin algebras. Also, the preprojective components, the preinjective components and the connecting components of a tilted Artin algebra are generalized standard. The paper is divided into five sections. After presenting some preliminary results, in Section 2 the basic properties of generalized standard components are investigated. It is shown that such a component \(\mathcal C\) admits at most finitely many nonperiodic \(DTr\)-orbits, and in this case, there are at most finitely many modules of given length \(d\) in \(\mathcal C\). A problem of Ringel on the shape of regular standard components is solved in this way. In Section 3, the structure of generalized standard semi-regular components without oriented cycles is described. The main result here tells that excepting a finite number of them, the generalized stable components of \(\Gamma_A\) are stable tubes. In Section 4, the author gives an example of an algebra \(A\) such that \(\Gamma_A\) admits more than one sincere regular generalized standard component without oriented cycles. Finally, in Section 5, several characterizations of generalized standard tubes of \(\Gamma_A\) are given, and also bounds for the ranks of such components are obtained.