Symplectic geometries on \(T^*\widetilde {G}\), Hamiltonian group actions and integrable systems (Q1893847)

For many integrable systems the underlying phase space may be taken as the cotangent bundle \(T^* LG\) of a loop group \(LG\). The authors derive, using the moment maps generating certain infinitesimal Hamiltonian actions of the algebra \(\text{diff }_1\) of first-order differential operators in one variable on \(T^* LG\), some new, nonstandard Lax equations determining infinite commuting families of flows. Integrable systems associated with the dispersive water wave hierarchy are constructed. They provide the systematic study of the various Hamiltonian actions of the group \(\overline{G}\) of smooth maps \(g : R \to G\) \((G\) is a Lie group) on \(T^* \overline{G}\) and on the corresponding spaces \((\overline {g} \oplus \overline {g})^{\wedge *}\), \((\overline {g} + \overline {g}_A)^{\wedge *}\). The associated moments maps are derived and shown to form commuting triplets of Poisson maps into \((\overline {g} \oplus \overline {g})^{\wedge *}\) (or \((\overline {g} + \overline {g}_A)^{\wedge *})\).