Note on multilinear functions and algebraic dependence (Q1895183)

Let \(L\) be a subfield of a field \(K\) of characteristic zero. The author proves (Theorem 3) that if \(s \in K^m\) is algebraically independent over \(L\) then there exists a function \(F : K^m \to K\) such that \(F\) is multilinear over \(L\), \(F(s) = 1\) and \(F(a) = 0\) for every \(a \in K^m\) being algebraically dependent over \(L\). In particular, in the case \(m = 2\) one can construct a not identically zero biadditive function \(G : \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}\) which vanishes on the unit circle as well as on the diagonal of \(\mathbb{R}^2\). Such a function can serve as an example showing that the following result of \textit{Gy. Szabó} [Glas. Mat., III. Ser. 24(44), No. 1, 35-43 (1989; Zbl 0686.39013)] cannot be extended to the two-dimensional case: If \(m \geq 3\), \(f : \mathbb{R}^m \to \mathbb{R}\) satisfies the equation \(f(x + y) + f(x - y) = 2f(x) + 2f(y)\) and \(f\) is constant on the unit sphere then there exists an additive function \(a : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}\) such that \(f(x) = a(|x |^2)\) for \(x \in \mathbb{R}^m\).