On solvability of inverse Sturm-Liouville problem (Q1896908)

\textit{M. G. Kreĭn} [Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 113, 970--973 (1957; Zbl 0151.11202)] established the following extension of the well-known Gel'fand-Levitan theorem: In order that a nondecreasing function \(\tau(\lambda)\) be the spectral function of the system \(-\varphi''+ v(x) \varphi- \lambda\varphi= 0\), \(\varphi(0, \lambda)= 1\), \(\varphi'(0, \lambda)= h\), on a given interval \(0\leq x\leq \ell\), it is necessary and sufficient that the following conditions are satisfied: (i) the function \[ \Pi(t)= \int^{+ \infty}_{- \infty} {1-\cos \sqrt\lambda t\over \lambda} \,d\tau(\lambda)\qquad (0\leq t< 2\ell) \] is finite and has two absolutely continuous derivatives on every segment \([0, r]\) \((r< 2\ell)\); (ii) \(\Pi'(0)= 1\); (iii) \(\limsup_{\rho\to +\infty} (N(\rho)/\sqrt\rho)\geq \ell/\pi\), where \(N(\rho)\) is the number of points of the spectrum of \(\tau\) in the interval \((0, \rho)\). The author shows that the condition (iii) is superfluous, i.e., (iii) follows from (i) and (ii).